Calcium chloride ke letsoai le entsoeng ka li-ion tsa chloride le li-ion tsa calcium.Anhydrous calcium chloride e na le mongobo o matla oa mongobo, o sebelisoang e le desiccant bakeng sa lintho tse sa tšoaneng, ho phaella lerōleng la litsela, ho ntlafatsa mobu, sehatsetsing, moemeli oa ho hloekisa metsi, moemeli oa ho pata.Ke sesebelisoa sa lik'hemik'hale se sebelisoang haholo, lisebelisoa tse tala tsa meriana, li-additives tsa lijo, li-additives le lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa ho etsa calcium ea tšepe.
Lintho tsa 'mele tsa calcium chloride
Calcium chloride ke cubic kristale e se nang 'mala, e tšoeu kapa e bosoeu, granular, blockcomb ea mahe a linotsi, spheroid, granular e sa tloaelehang, e phofshoana.Sebaka se qhibilihang ke 782°C, boima ba 1.086 g/mL ho 20 °C, ntlha e belang ke 1600°C, ho qhibiliha ha metsi 740 g/L.E na le chefo hanyenyane, ha e na monko, tatso e babang hanyenyane.E na le hygroscopic haholo ebile e qhibiliha habonolo ha e le moeeng.
E qhibiliha habonolo metsing, ha e ntse e ntša mocheso o mongata (calcium chloride dissolution enthalpy ea -176.2cal/g), tharollo ea eona ea metsi e na le asiti e nyane.E qhibiliha ka joala, acetone, acetic acid.Ho sebetsana le ammonia kapa ethanol, CaCl2 · 8NH3 le CaCl2 · 4C2H5OH complexes li ile tsa thehoa, ka ho latellana.Ka mocheso o tlase, tharollo ea crystallizes le precipitates e le hexahydrate, e ntseng e qhibiliha butle-butle metsing a eona a kristale ha e futhumetse ho 30 ° C, 'me butle-butle e lahleheloa ke metsi ha e futhumetse ho 200 ° C,' me e fetoha dihydrate ha e futhumala ho 260 ° C. , e fetohang e tšoeu porous anhydrous calcium chloride.
Anhydrous calcium chloride
1, thepa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale: kristale e se nang mebala ea li-cubic, e tšoeu kapa e bosoeu e bosoeu kapa e tiileng ea granular.Tekanyo e lekanyelitsoeng ke 2.15, ntlha ea ho qhibiliha ke 782 ℃, ntlha e belang e ka holimo ho 1600 ℃, hygrhygability e matla haholo, e bonolo ho phutholoha, e qhibiliha habonolo ka metsing, ha e ntse e ntša mocheso o mongata, o sa nkheng, o monate hanyenyane, tharollo ea metsi e na le asiti hanyenyane, e qhibiliha ka joala, asene ea acrylic, acetic acid.
2, tšebeliso ea sehlahisoa: Ke moemeli oa pula bakeng sa tlhahiso ea mebala ea letša la mebala.Tlhahiso ea naetrojene, khase ea acetylene, hydrogen chloride, oksijene le khase e 'ngoe ea desiccant.Joala, li-ethers, li-ester le li-resin tsa acrylic li sebelisoa e le li-dehydrating agents, 'me litharollo tsa tsona tsa metsi ke lihatsetsi tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa lihatsetsi le sehatsetsing.E ka potlakisa ho thatafala ha konkreite, ea eketsa ho hanyetsa serame sa seretse sa samente, 'me ke ntho e ntle haholo ea antifreeze.E sebelisoa e le moemeli oa tšireletso bakeng sa metallurgy ea aluminium ea magnesium, e hloekisang.
Letlapa la calcium chloride
1, thepa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale: kristale e se nang mebala, sehlahisoa sena se tšoeu, se soeufetse.Tatso e babang, deliquescent e matla.
Boima ba eona bo lekanyelitsoeng ke 0.835, bo qhibiliha habonolo ka metsing, tharollo ea eona ea metsi ha e nke lehlakore kapa e na le alkaline hanyenyane, e senya, e qhibiliha ka joala 'me ha e qhibilihe ka har'a ether,' me e felloa ke metsi hore e be ntho ea anhydrous ha e futhumala ho 260 ℃.Lintho tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale li tšoana le anhydrous calcium chloride.
2, mosebetsi le tšebeliso: flake calcium chloride sebelisoa e le sehatsetsing;Moemeli oa antifreeze;Leqhoa le qhibilihileng kapa lehloa;Li-retardants tsa malakabe bakeng sa ho qeta le ho qeta masela a k'hothone;Li-preservatives tsa lehong;Tlhahiso ea rabara e le moemeli oa ho phutha;Setache se tsoakiloeng se sebelisoa joalo ka sekhomaretsi.
Calcium chloride aqueous solution
Tharollo ea calcium chloride e na le litšobotsi tsa conductivity, sebaka se tlaase sa leqhoa ho feta metsi, mocheso o fokolang ha o kopana le metsi, 'me o na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea adsorption,' me sebaka sa eona se tlaase sa leqhoa se ka sebelisoa libakeng tse sa tšoaneng tsa indasteri le libakeng tsa sechaba.
Karolo ea tharollo ea calcium chloride:
1. Alkaline: Calcium ion hydrolysis ke alkaline, 'me hydrogen chloride e fetoha ka mor'a chloride ion hydrolysis.
2, conduction: ho na le li-ion tharollong e ka tsamaeang ka bolokolohi.
3, sebaka sa leqhoa: sebaka sa leqhoa sa calcium chloride se tlase ho feta metsi.
4, ntlha e belang: khalsiamo chloride e nang le metsi a belang ntlha e phahameng ho feta metsi.
5, evaporation crystallization: calcium chloride aqueous solution evaporation crystallization ho ba sepakapakeng se tletseng hydrogen chloride.
Desiccant
Calcium chloride e ka sebelisoa e le desiccant kapa dehydrating agent bakeng sa likhase le lino tse phelang.Leha ho le joalo, e ke ke ea sebelisoa ho omisa ethanol le ammonia, hobane ethanol le ammonia li itšoara ka calcium chloride ho etsa joala complex CaCl2 · 4C2H5OH le ammonia complex CaCl2 · 8NH3, ka ho latellana.Anhydrous calcium chloride e ka boela ea etsoa lihlahisoa tsa ntlo tse sebelisoang e le moemeli oa moea oa hygroscopic, anhydrous calcium chloride e le moemeli oa ho monya metsi o amohetsoe ke FDA bakeng sa ho roala thuso ea pele, karolo ea eona ke ho netefatsa ho omella ha leqeba.
Hobane calcium chloride ha e nke lehlakore, e ka omisa likhase tsa asiti kapa alkaline le metsi a manyolo, empa hape le ka laboratoring ho etsa likhase tse nyane joalo ka naetrojene, oksijene, hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, joalo-joalo. ., ha o omisa likhase tsena tse hlahisoang.Granular anhydrous calcium chloride hangata e sebelisoa e le desiccant ho tlatsa liphaephe tse omisang, 'me algae e kholo (kapa molora oa leoatle) o omisitsoeng ka calcium chloride o ka sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea molora oa soda.Li-dehumidifiers tse ling tsa malapeng li sebelisa calcium chloride ho monya mongobo moeeng.
Anhydrous calcium chloride e hasana holim'a tsela e lehlabathe, 'me thepa ea hygroscopic ea anhydrous calcium chloride e sebelisetsoa ho tiisa mongobo moeeng ha mongobo oa moea o le tlase ho feta phoka ho boloka tsela e le metsi, e le ho laola. lerole tseleng.
Deicing agent le bate ea ho pholisa
Calcium chloride e ka theola ntlha ea leqhoa ea metsi, ’me ho a hasanya litseleng ho ka thibela lehloa le leqhoa le theohe, empa metsi a letsoai a tsoang lehloeng le leqhoa le qhibilihang a ka senya mobu le limela tse pel’a tsela ’me a senya konkreite e katiloeng.Tharollo ea calcium chloride e ka boela ea kopanngoa le leqhoa le omileng ho lokisa bate ea ho pholisa ea cryogenic.Leqhoa le omeletseng le omeletseng le eketsoa ka tharollo ea brine ka lihlopha ho fihlela leqhoa le hlaha tsamaisong.Mocheso o tsitsitseng oa ho hlapa o pholileng o ka bolokoa ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng le ho tsepamisa mohopolo oa tharollo ea letsoai.Calcium chloride ka kakaretso e sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tse tala tsa letsoai, 'me mocheso o tsitsitseng o hlokahalang o fumanoa ka ho fetola mahloriso, eseng feela hobane calcium chloride e theko e tlaase ebile e fumaneha habonolo, empa hape le ka lebaka la mocheso oa eutectic oa tharollo ea calcium chloride (ke hore, mocheso ha tharollo kaofela e condensed ho theha granular leqhoa letsoai particles) e tlaase haholo, e ka fihlang -51.0 ° C, e le hore mocheso o feto-fetohang o tloha ho 0 ° C ho ea ho -51 ° C. Mokhoa ona o ka phethahala ho Dewar libotlolo tse nang le phello ea ho kenya letsoho, 'me li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ka lijaneng tsa polasetiki ka kakaretso ho tšoara libaka tsa ho hlapa tse pholileng ha molumo oa libotlolo tsa Dewar o lekanyelitsoe' me ho hlokahala hore ho lokisoe litharollo tse ngata tsa letsoai, moo mocheso le oona o tsitsitseng haholoanyane.
E le mohloli oa li-ion tsa calcium
Ho eketsa khalsiamo chloride ho metsi a letamo la ho sesa ho ka etsa hore letamo la metsi e be pH buffer le ho eketsa boima ba metsi a letamo, e leng ho ka fokotsang khoholeho ea lerako la konkreite.Ho ea ka molao-motheo oa Le Chatelier le phello ea isoionic, ho eketsa bongata ba li-ion tsa k'halsiamo metsing a letamo ho liehisa ho qhibiliha ha metsoako ea k'halsiamo e hlokahalang bakeng sa mehaho ea konkreite.
Ho eketsa calcium chloride metsing a aquariums a Marine ho eketsa bongata ba k'halsiamo e fumanehang metsing, 'me li-mollusk le liphoofolo tsa coelitestinal tse holisoang ka metsing li e sebelisa ho etsa likhetla tsa calcium carbonate.Le hoja calcium hydroxide kapa calcium reactor e ka finyella morero o tšoanang, ho eketsa calcium chloride ke mokhoa o potlakileng ka ho fetisisa 'me o na le phello e fokolang ho pH ea metsi.
Calcium chloride bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ling
Khalsiamo chloride ea ho qhibiliha le e exothermic e etsa hore e sebelisoe ka har'a makotikoti a futhumatsang le ho futhumatsa.
Calcium chloride e ka thusa ho potlakisa boemo ba pele ka konkreite, empa li-ion tsa chloride li ka baka ho bola ha litšepe, kahoo calcium chloride e ke ke ea sebelisoa ka konkreite e matlafalitsoeng.Anhydrous calcium chloride e ka fana ka tekanyo e itseng ea mongobo ho konkreite ka lebaka la thepa ea eona ea hygroscopic.
Indasteri ea petroleum, calcium chloride e sebelisoa ho eketsa bongata ba brine e se nang matla, 'me e ka boela ea ekeletsoa mokhahlelong o nang le metsi a metsi a ho cheka a emulsified ho thibela ho ata ha letsopa.E sebelisoa e le phallo ho theola ntlha ea ho qhibiliha ha ho etsoa tšepe ea sodium ka ho qhibiliha ha electrolytic ea sodium chloride ka mokhoa oa Davy.Ha li-ceramics li etsoa, calcium chloride e sebelisoa e le e 'ngoe ea likaroloana tsa lintho tse bonahalang, tse tla lumella likaroloana tsa letsopa hore li emisoe ka tharollo, e le hore likaroloana tsa letsopa li be bonolo ho li sebelisa ha li phunya.
Calcium chloride e boetse ke kenyelletso ea lipolasetiki le litima-mollo, e le thuso ea filthara kalafong ea metsi a litšila, joalo ka tlatsetso ka har'a libopi tse phatlohang ho laola ho bokellana le ho khomarela lisebelisoa tse tala ho qoba ho rarolloa ha tefiso, hape e le ntho e hlapollang ho li-softeners tsa masela. .
Nako ea poso: Mar-19-2024
